Namely, semantic web technologies appear to provide a way to describe information in a computerunderstandable manner. The batch layer stores a copy of the master data set in raw format as data are ingested. Therefore, we propose the distributed semantic sensor web architecture to separate processing of context information and service information. Introduction online social networking has become one of the most popular services on the web. The encoding of sensor descriptions and sensor observation data with semantic web languages enables more expressive representation, advanced access, and formal analysis of sensor resources. Semantic web based architecture for managing hardware heterogeneity 41 in ramos, et al.
A semantic enterprise is one that successfully exploits semantic web technologies swts for applications within the enterprise. A system for publishing sensor data on the semantic web. Distributed sensing for collective action, kevin a. This allowed references within and across documents and within and across organizations. Sensor web languages in order to provide semantic descriptions and enhanced access to sensor data. The joint use of such standards provides an interoperable environment with a standardized query. Xda is based on a simple ontology mechanism that enables the definition and maintenance of highlevel.
Section 4 describes a simple testbed to proof the effectivity of. When there are different distributed devices in the network, some interesting problems arise. Architecture and protocol of a semantic system designed. The focus of this book is modeling on the semantic web. Using semantic web for internet of things interoperability. And it can provide the contextaware semantic web service.
This framework is used to support the creation of a semantic network and to define the associated intelligent cooperative system. This layer also precomputes batch views that are provided to the serving layer. Dec 23, 2019 the result is that sensor networks can form distributed systems that integrate sensor information in order to take advantage of the processed information. A serviceoriented multiagent systems architecture for the sensor web. By a series of functions applied on a base of entities, issued. The semantic web helps to solve these problems reducing the cognitive effort of users delegating them to agents that can reason, and make inferences to offer accurate information. Hence, the architecture allows every pod to know what is going on with every other pod. In this paper, we propose a fully distributed web service discovery. Pdf a sensor web architecture for integrating smart. Traditionally, enterprise applications have operated under closedworld assumptions, meaning that all business rules can be applied to data or facts that are known to, and managed by, the enterprise. State of the art automotive software systems presume a static configuration of electronic control units and software components. Semantic infrastructure for wireless sensor networks.
Swap allows for integrating arbitrary sensors or sensor networks into a loosely coupled higher level environment that facilitates developing and deploying end user applications across multiple application domains. To enable the encoding of semantics with the data, technologies such as resource description framework rdf and web ontology language owl are used. A semanticbased architecture for sensor data fusion. The term sensor web was first used by kevin delin of nasa in 1997, to describe a novel wireless sensor network architecture where the individual pieces could act and coordinate as a whole. This paper proposes an architectural framework, the sensor web agent platform swap that makes use of two of the most promising distributed architectural paradigms i. A semantic sensor web for environmental decision support. They are capable of processing, sensing and transmitting wireless information, generating a large volume of raw data which possess natural heterogeneity. The reasoners 12 are software applications allowing the semantic seek in the ontologic description. Speci cally, an approach is proposed for the realtime, rulebased semantic enrichment of lower level context features with higherlevel semantics. So, from this hypothesis, one can assume that it should be possible to apply these technologies in the. Architecture and protocol of a semantic system designed for. Existing semantic sensor networks are domainspecific and add semantics to the context. For example, when a consumer purchases a car, the cars state changes from for sale to sold. Screenshot of sensor web client developed in the javascript language.
By a series of functions applied on a base of entities, issued from. The goal of this initiative is the development of standards that will enable the. Distributional semantics is a research area that develops and studies theories and methods for quantifying and categorizing semantic similarities between linguistic items based on their distributional properties in large samples of language data. Wireless sensor networks wsns are made up of nodes with limited resources, such as processing, bandwidth, memory and, most importantly, energy. The semantic web stack, also known as semantic web cake or semantic web layer cake, illustrates the architecture of the semantic web. Sensors free fulltext a novel software architecture.
Semantic web based sensor planning services sps for sensor. Using this technology, it is possible to describe semantically the sensors and data services. We analyze the drawbacks of this approach and then in section 3 describe some other approaches. Sns are low cost, batterypowered and reduced size devices with limited processing, sensing and wireless communication. Functional architecture of the semantic sensor web platform. The rtwis is based on the ogc swe architecture, and employs real time. The paper focuses on systems, which assist the driver. In this paper we focused on sensor planning services sps from sensor web enablement swe service model. Using semantic annotation for knowledge extraction from. Wsn is a network of spatially distributed autonomous sensors and it can include hundreds of thousands sensor nodes sn. In our case, due to the usage of owl ontologies to model the context, different semantic reasoning engines can be used in each context consumer seamlessly. A distributed semantic network model for a collaborative. In particular, it is an approach to annotating sensor data with spatial, temporal, and thematic semantic metadata. Distributed semantic sensor web architecture abstract.
Aug 23, 2010 before we proceed with an overview of the semantic web architecture, let us first define the goals of the semantic web. A survey on semantic software platforms for sensor networks interoperability v. In this paper, we follow software engineering principles to refine the. It is a software architecture model under the principles of service oriented architecture that allows the integration of different technologies used by separated service invocators. Pdf semantic process choreography for distributed sensor. We propose a scenario in which two services are exposed a semantic web. One of the main features of this framework is the use of. Our methodology is illustrated via a set of agents whose knowledgebase is a semantic network. A novel software architecture for the provision of context. Sensors are distributed across the globe leading to an avalanche of data about our. Distributed control plane architecture for software. A different approach is recommended for the development of iot smart applications due to its high complexity that combines sensors, actuators, communication technologies, and big data analytics, as well as its distributed. Our aim is to provide the missing software components for realizing a worldwide sensor web.
Distributed semantic discovery for webofthings enabled. Combining wireless sensor networks and semantic middleware for an internet of thingsbased sportsmanwoman monitoring application. Distributed social networks, social semantic web, architecture, evaluation, webid, semantic pingback 1. The discussed practical problem is the e ciency of the technologies used in creating a knowledge base in realtime. Semantical markov logic network for distributed reasoning in. The expectation that networks of heterogeneous smart devices and. The semantic sensor web ssw proposes annotating sensor data with spatial. A distributed reasoning engine ecosystem for semantic context. Wireless sensor networks wsn have a gained increasing attention from the research community in recent years, especially for the great potential for distributed applications.
The semantic web is a collaborative movement led by international standards body the world wide web consortium w3c. Its goal is to enable efficient realtime data management and analysis by being divided into three layers. International journal of distributed interoperable internet. Hybrid approaches based on computational intelligence and. The standard promotes common data formats on the world wide web. Pdf architectural software patterns for the development. Recently, data on the web has been increased by interactive service, social media and the pervasive computing technology. Abumahfouz, journaliecon 2017 43rd annual conference of the. Figure 4 semantic sensor observation service ssos architecture for a. The semantic sensor web is a marriage of sensor and semantic web technologies. The semantic web provides access to heterogeneous, distributed information.
Abumahfouz, journaliecon 2017 43rd annual conference of the ieee industrial electronics society, year2017. Based on soa, geosensor is composed of a sensor registry service, sensor observation service, sensor planning service, data service, and satellite location service. Distributed sensor information management architecture. This architecture is robust to unreliable communication and node failures. Index termsinternet of things, context awareness, sensors. To utilize these huge data include sensor data, semantic sensor web service platform is needed.
An architectural style consists of a vocabulary of design elements, composition rules, and a semantic interpretation. An architecture of a distributed semantic social network. Consistent knowledge knowledge about a specific thing is consistent across distributed knowledge sources. The unique overview of sensor ontologies according to the semantic needs of the layers. Apart from the ontology, there are also the logic rules that are applied on the ontology relationships and concepts, and together with the ontology they form a knowledge base. Sensorml provides standard models and an xml encoding for describing sensors and measurement processes. The open geospatial consortium ogc defines standardization for the sensor web as named sensor web enablement swe.
This is accomplished through the use of an rdf repository containing daily records of all sensor. Research, we are designing an architecture and building a system that enable easy deployment of such widearea sensing services. A sensor web architecture for integrating smart oceanographic sensors into the semantic sensor web article pdf available in ieee journal of oceanic engineering pp99. In semantic sensor networks workshop, a workshop of the 5th international semantic web conference iswc 2006, november 59, athens, georgia, usa 2006 6.
Our goal is to construct a distributed software architecture that allows, through the formalization of. An architecture for sensor web applications by deshendran moodley submitted in ful. Using agents and ontologies for application development on the. In the authors introduce an architecture for distributed inference in sensor networks. To do so, a set of resources datasets will be described in the ontology as references to other hierarchically classified sparql servers. Towards a distributed control system for software defined. As such, it forms the basis for the semantic web, a web of data in which anyone can say anything about any topic. In 2008 a framework named semantic sensor web was proposed. Section 3 describes a distributed middleware based on semantic web service for sensor web and the design and implementation of its architecture. A software reference architecture for semanticaware big.
Its goal is to develop an ontologybased storage mechanism for sensor observations that will let the end user of the system to post semantic queries. A distributed middleware based on semantic web service for. The initial w3c semantic sensor network incubator group ontology ssn was built around an ontology design pattern called the stimulus sensor observation sso pattern ssopattern. Semantic web based sensor planning services sps for. One of the major efforts that is worth mentioning is the sensor web enablement swe initiative, initiated by the ogc1. A sensor network is a computer accessible network of many, spatially distributed devices using sensors to monitor conditions at different locations, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants. The commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation csiro has developed a generic sensor ontology 9 for describing sensors and deployments. International journal of semantic web interoperability, usability. Software developers usually start coding an application with no formal architecture in mind and relying on intuition and experience instead of on wellknown design patters. By treating cloud application platforms as distributed networks of software sensors and utilising techniques from the semantic sensor web area, we have developed a monitoring framework which allows us to detect, diagnose and react to emerging critical situations in complex environments of cloud application platforms in a dynamic manner.
It is intended to be used in data integration, search, classification and workflows. Scalable distributedcomputing iot applied architecture. Design of a semantic and holistic architecture for sensor data integration 15 introduction during last few decades, we have witnessed the rise of sensors and applications based on them has become an integral part of our lives. Dispatcher and interceptors are used inside the network. Semantic interoperability middleware architecture for. Any knowledge change should be reflected across all mutually dependent knowledge sources. The sso was developed as a minimal and common ground for heavyweight ontologies for the use on the semantic sensor web as well as to explicitly address the need. Key challenges being investigated include dynamic data integration and analysis, service discovery and semantic interoperability. The summary and the future work are concluded in section 5. This paper proposes a gateway and semantic web enabled iot architecture to provide interoperability between systems using established communication and data standards. In this paper we introduce the idea of a knowledge driven sensor web and describe a semantic infrastructure that supports both the specification and integration of.
An event can be defined as a significant change in state. Sensorml can be used to describe a wide range of sensors, including both dynamic and stationary platforms and both insitu and remote sensors. Software architecture fundamentals semantic scholar. In this paper we describe a semantic sensor web architecture for. Contrarily, the es3n architecture 12 applies semantic web technologies on top of a sensor network. Virtual sensor web infrastructure for collaborative sensing vsics estc. Using the flexibility of semantic agents as a formal representation for heterogeneous computational platforms, we define autonomous and intelligent agentbased reasoning procedure for distributed cyberphysical systems. Ontology alignment architecture for semantic sensor web.
Endusers can access sensor information, discover sensor services easily and. Sensor networks underpin the semantic capabilities of this architecture, and semantic reasoning based on markov logic networks. Abstractthe afrlsponsored adaptive sensor fusion asf program produced a software framework, the extensible distributed architecture xda, which facilitates the construction of scalable, flexible distributed systems. The developed architecture for semantic transport information provision makes extensive use of this specification to support the aggregation of distributed information related to multimodal mobility. Architecture and protocol of a semantic system designed for video tagging with sensor data in mobile devices. It uses semantic web to provide a dynamic integration of inhouse resources with the public. Semantic interoperability on the internet of things. In section 4, we describe an ontological infrastructure for the sensor web and present the swap framework, a conceptual agent architecture which we believe is the next evolutionary cycle of the sensor web. Eventdriven architecture eda is a software architecture paradigm promoting the production, detection, consumption of, and reaction to events. A methodology based on topology theory to model a semantic network for a collaborative system is given. An extensible, ontologybased, distributed information system.
The sensor web should support defining and enforcing data integrity and privacy policies that match the concerns of four constituencies. Geosensor provides a sensor query, data retrieval, sensor control, and semantic map functions in a webbased 2d and 3d gis platform. One of the main features of this framework is the use of ontologies. The service oriented architecture allows us to discover, describe and invoke services from a heterogeneous software platform. I can exploit the sensor data pyramid idea behind semantic sensor web to support the semantic modeling of sensor data involved in. The original deployment of the web was fueled by the replacement of existing hypertext systems with web based ones, a process known as webizing.
Agents may have different types of sensors working simultaneously. Kramar oulu university of applied sciences, pehr brahe software laboratory, raahe, finland vadym. Cassaram testing and performance evaluation results are presented and discussed. Applying the semantic concepts on the sensor web leads to the ssw which will provide more meaningful descriptions of sensors. A software reference architecture for semanticaware big data. The vocabulary is a set of highlevel types that categorize components, connectors, and data elements into, for example, clients, servers, pipes, sensors, actors, and regulators. A survey on semantic software platforms for sensor networks. The rise of the semantic enterprise cutter consortium. Sensor web combines sensors and sensor networks with a serviceoriented architecture soa. Huan xie, hong xue department of computer science and software engineering. The semantic web is an extension of the world wide web through standards set by the world wide web consortium w3c.
Middleware is a distributed software layer, or platform. This document was developed by the semantic sensor network incubator group. Sensorml is an approved open geospatial consortium standard. In this sense, the term describes a specific type of sensor network. The goal of the semantic web is to make internet data machinereadable. This paper discusses how semantic web and semantic web services can support the hybrid cloud model. The combination of these policies should determine how data are distributed, processed, and shared in a sensor web. Pdf a machinetomachine architecture to merge semantic sensor. In proceedings of the fifth ieee international conference on semantic computing pp. In this paper, we propose a fully distributed web service discovery architecture that is designed to be robust, reliable and energy efcient. Nowadays, sensors are connected between them using the internet and the web, where sensing data is transferred. The semantic sensor web ssw is a marriage of sensor and semantic web technologies. An adaptive software and systems architecture for driver.
In the 14, we proposed the distributed semantic sensor web architecture and service environment. The linking of elements from semantic web technologies with sensor networks dates back to 2005 and was called semantic sensor nets 7. The linking of elements from semantic web technologies with sensor networks dates back to 2005 and was called semantic sensor nets. Semantic sensor web the ssw project is an attempt to annotate sensor data with semantic metadata to provide contextual information essential for situational awareness. Distributed architecture to integrate sensor information. Wireless sensor networks wsn are the basis for several applications including environmental and health monitoring, industrial and home automation, consumer electronics connectivity, and public safety, being a key technology for internet of things and smart cities development. A semantic infrastructure for a knowledge driven sensor web. Distributed sensor information management architecture based on semantic analysis of sensing data. This paper introduces the idea and identifies key requirements for a knowledge driven sensor web and presents our efforts towards developing an associated semantic infrastructure within the sensor web agent platform. In a semantic sensor web, as defined by henson in 19, sensor data are annotated with semantic.
Distributed video cameras connected to sensors that monitor physical properties of the. Sensor web researchers are currently investigating middleware to aid in the dynamic discovery, integration and analysis of vast quantities of both high and low quality, but distributed and heterogeneous earth observation data. Currently, the integration of all these technologies is at their infant stages. Design of a semantic and holistic architecture for sensor. In 2008 a framework named semantic sensor web 8 was proposed. Combining wireless sensor networks and semantic middleware. A semantic message oriented middleware for wireless sensor. The concept of the sensor web is a type of sensor network that is especially well suited for.
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